Municipal Profile
The Islamic Municipality of Tamparan is one of thirty-nine (39) municipalities (along with one city) that comprise the province of Lanao del Sur in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ( ARMM ). The town is politically subdivided into (44) barangays, and is a part of the 1st Congressional District of Lanao del Sur.
A. Political History
· Origin
The literal meaning of the Maranao word “Tamparan” is “frontage”. During the American occupation Sultan Mangking Sugador was appointed by the American government as Municipal District President, a position equal to the rank of Municipal Mayor, although lesser in power than the latter. When asked by the American Officials about his name, the Sultan said “I am the Sultan of Tamparan”, referring to the dowa ka lokus of Tamparan (now Tamparan Proper). Sultan Mangking Sugador became popular by his royal title that American officials started calling the town Tamparan.
· Legal Basis
The creation of the Municipality of Tamparan could be traced way back the Commonwealth Government of the Philippines under the late President Manuel L. Quezon. It was in the year 1940 President Quezon issued an Executive Order known as Commonwealth Act No. 592 creating Dansalan (now Marawi City) as regular municipality and Tamparan as its municipal district covering the areas (now municipalities) of Masiu, Taraka, Poona-Bayabao, Lumba Bayabao, Maguing, Molundo, Bumbaran and Wao.
Tamparan District became a regular municipality on September 28, 1960 by virtue of Executive Order No. 405 and consequently declared Islamic Municipality pursuant to Batas Pambansa (PB) Bilang 33 on June 4, 1984.
B. Physical Characteristics
· Geographical Location
The Islamic Municipality of Tamparan is located on the eastern part of Lanao del Sur. It is approximately 124 degrees, 19.4 minutes and 7 latitudes. It is bounded on the North by the Municipality of Taraka, on the South by Poona-Bayabao, and on the west by Lake Lanao.
Tamparan is approximately 27 kilometers from Marawi City, the biggest center in the province and also the nearest center of commercial activities to Tamparan. Tamparan and Marawi City are connected by road passing through the municipalities of Ditsaan-Ramain, Bubong, Buadi-Puso Buntong, Mulondo and Taraka. Tamparan is also accessible by water transportation through the lake.
· Climate
The month of February has the lowest average temperature of 17.6 degrees Celsius Centigrade and the month of April has the highest with 28.8 degrees Celsius Centigrade. A stable Northwest wind blows from January to September. In the months of October and November, wind blows either north-west or north-south
Generally, the Municipality is under the fourth type of climate characterized by even distribution of rainfall through the year. Heaviest rain is experienced in the months of January, May and July. Dry months are September and November.
· Topography
The Municipality lies on the plain and slightly sloppy area hence erosion is less. But due to its location along the lake, some of the areas are affected by the rise and fall of the lake water level.
· Soil Type
There are only two (2) types of soil in the municipality, namely Rugman and Lacustrine. Rugman soil varies from loam, clay loom, and silty clay loom. It is slightly saline and due to its silty texture areas, soils are easily affected by drought. Lacustrine soil has loamy, peat much and silty loam texture. It is characterized by moderate to high fertility. These types of soils require soil management and a little technological intervention to make these areas productive for agriculture development.
C. Land Area
The municipality of Tamparan has a total land area of 17,000.00 hectares more or less. Agricultural area comprises 42.30%, built-up area is 5.46%, open grassland 48.60%, while roads/creeks and river constitute 3.64%. Tamparan has forty-four (44) barangays within its jurisdiction. Barangay Dilausan has the largest area of 1,832.01 hectares comprising 10.78 % while the lowest is Barangay Sominunggay with 98.53 hectares representing 0.58 % only of the total land area of the municipality.
The total land area of Tamparan is divided among various uses. Agricultural uses comprise 21.96%; Potential Agricultural Development is 66.86%; built-up area is 5.46%, open grassland 2.08%, while roads/creeks and river constitute 3.64%.
Its urban area has a total of 142.64 hectares classified into the following: residential area occupies 28.17%; institutional, 7.05%; commercial, 7.28%; industrial, 4.68%; agricultural, 45.11%; roads occupies 3.54%; while park and open space constitute 4.17%.
D. Demography
· Population
Based on the 2010 census data, Tamparan's population has reached up to 32,000. However, such data was not made official by the National Statistics Office. Population census done on the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Based on 2000 NSO census on population and housing, Tamparan registered a total population of 19,975, which were 2,468 over its population five (5) years ago which recorded at 17,507. Such increase indicated an average annual growth rate of 2.87% over the five-year period. While this current growth rate is almost equal to the national figure, Tamparan’s population experienced an up and down movement since the first censual year, 1918. During the first censual year, Tamparan only had 3,308 residents. After two (2) decades, Tamparan’s population grew up to 6,439 level, registering an almost a hundred percent increase over that two-decade period, or an average annual growth rate of 3.25%. Over the next decade (from 1939 to 1948), Tamparan almost doubled it population when its population grew up to a five-digit figure - 11,743. For this period, the average annual growth rate was registered at 6.36%, the highest in the history of Tamparan.
There were also times in the past when the population of Tamparan decreased. The decade of 1960 to 1970 showed that the population of Tamparan dived from a level of 14,452 in February 1960 to a level of 11,939 in May 1970, registering an average annual growth rate of negative 1.86% over a five-year period. The next five (5) years, the population further declined to 11,420 or an average annual growth rate of negative 0.90%. In 1980, or after five (5) years, the population level was again reduced to 10,196, or an average annual growth rate of negative 2.24%.
The 1990 census had shown that the population of Tamparan has a remarkable population increase of 6,183 persons over the past ten (10) years, bringing the population level to 16,379.
The notable decrease in population between the period 1970 and 1980 could be attributed to the outbreak of hostilities between the Moro Fronts and the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), which resulted to the Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus and the eventual proclamation of Martial Law Rule of the Late President Marcos. During this long period, residents migrated to safer places, which include as far as Metro Manila for business and livelihood opportunities.
The remarkable increase in population from 1980 to 1990 was an indication of the improvement in the local situation for both social and economic interactions as peace and stability gradually restored.
For year 2005, the population of Tamparan was estimated to have reached a level of 22,369 with 3,224 households, or an estimated 7 persons per household. Some barangays have registered with lesser family members, such as Barangays Linuk, Lilod Tamparan, Pagayawan and Raya Tamparan.
Barangays were ranked according to their level of population, from highest to the lowest. In general, the barangays that have high level of population are usually the more urbanized areas which serve as centers of economic and social interactions owing to their accessibility and availability of basic services and facilities. In this case, Barangay Poblacion 1 is considered the primary center of the municipality. The barangays that have less population are usually characterized by their inaccessibility and relatively more rural in form and nature of economic endeavors.
Generally, the municipality has a population density of 1:81 as of 2005 which meant that for every hectare, there are around 81 persons. Record shows that the town is not congested yet in terms of population.
Age and Sex Distribution
Age group and gender parameters of population in Tamparan for year 2005 had shown that total female population outnumbered the total male population by 965 persons. From age group under 1 year old to age group 30-34 years old, female consistently outnumbered their counterpart male population; likewise, for age groups 40-45, 50-54, 60-65, and 80 years old and over. The rest of the age groups, male population outnumbered their female counterparts.
The population of Tamparan is considered relatively young with around 78% belonging to age groups from under 1year old to 30-34 years old. School age population is a little bit below 50% of the total population. As earlier discussed, the female population dominates these age groups.
Among the different age groups, age group 5-9 years old has the greatest number of population, both gender groups combined and individual gender group. Age groups 10-14, 1-4, and 15-19 years old followed next.
Economic Sector
Agriculture
The town’s economy relies mainly on agro-fishery production being situated in the vast Basak area and strategically fronting the great Lanao Lake conducive and really potential for fishery development.
Crop Production
The municipality has high potential in agriculture. In fact, there are 1,700 hectares of irrigated areas, 1,200 hectares Rain-Fed and 80 hectares for upland rice with an average yield per hectar of 4.2 MT, 3.2 MT and 3.0 MT respectively.
There two (2) varieties of corn the farmers used to produce. White and Yellow Corns covered an area of 500 hectares and 120 hectares respectively with an average yield of 3.0 MT and 3.7 MT respectively.
Other crops are also planted like cassava, camote, peanuts, banana and vegetables with a total area of 122 hectares while mongo, fruit trees and coconut covered a total of 11 hectares.
Livestock and Poultry
Data submitted by Department of Agriculture – Municipal Agriculture Office (DAF-MAO) as of 2006 revealed that the municipality has 52 heads of cattle, 38 heads of goat, 39 heads of carabao and 4 heads of horse.
On poultry production, record showed that there were 6,740 heads of chicken, 120 heads of turkey, 1,500 heads of duck and 250 heads of goose and 50 heads of pigeon which are primarily raised in backyards.
Agricultural and Industrial Facilities
The municipality has 10 units of Solar Dryers, 5 units of rice mills, 2 units of rice threshers, 4 units of power tillers and 1 unit of tractor distributed strategically in various barangays. As to the capacity, only the solar dryer has the record as submiited by the DAF-MAO of Tamparan as of 2006.
Fisheries
Situated along the Great Lake Lanao, Tamparan has abundant freshwater resources. The DAF-MAO of TamparanA recorded as of 2006 a yearly volume of catch in kilograms as follows: 1,277.5 kilograms of mudfish, 182.5 kilograms of catfish, 4,745 kilograms of tilapia, 1,168 kilograms of shrimp and 5,292.5 kilograms of katulong. The DA-MAO assigned in the area admitted to have more volume of unrecorded catch in the area.
Fishing ground of the municipality is mainly situated in various barangays along the lake particularly centralized at Dasomalong, Maidan, Linuk, Miondas and Pagalongan with a total of 56 fihsermen with 16 units of non-motorized fishing boats.
Tamparan recorded a total of 141 farming and fishing communities or institutions classified into cooperatives, farmers’ cooperatives and others.
Commerce
Commerce and trade is likewise a flourishing business while cottage and small-scale industry are just but a household concern, which require skills improvement considering the readily available raw materials in the area.
Tamparan is the commercial and trade center in the Basak area. Most of the agricultural products are marketed in Tamparan but its facilities are limited to effectively address the demand for convenient commercial and trading environment. Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday are its market days with only two (2) market buildings.
Industry
There are no other big industries in the area aside from the agro-industries such as rice mills and corn Sheller. Cottage industries like mat weaving, hat making and brassware making are common in the area but require quality improvement to compete with the rest of producing towns and regions for domestic and foreign market. Raw materials are readily available in the area for utilization.
Social Sector
Health and Nutrition
For the year 2005, Tamparan had 635 live births for both sexes, of which 300 were male and 335 were female. Among its covered barangays, Miondas had the biggest number of live births with 25 for both sexes or 10 male and 15 female. Other barangays with high live births were Lalabuan, Raya Miondas, Linuk and Tatayawan North. Barangays Beruar and Dasomalong had the smallest number of live births of 7 each for both sexes.
In terms of mortality, there were only 29 recorded deaths for the year 2005, 18 of which were males and 11 females. Most deaths were people 50 years old and above, 17 were males and 7 females. Infant mortality is low at 2 cases, both females. Young child mortality registered only 1 case. Two cases of maternal mortality were registered during the year. Among the 44 barangays of Tamparan, Lalabuan registered the greatest number of deaths at 6 for both sexes.
In terms of morbidity, there were 1,139 recorded general medical consultations for 2005. Among the barangays of Tamparan, Poblacion I had the biggest number of general medical consultations with 55 patients, while Lindongan had the smallest number of general medical consultations with 11 patients.
In terms of nutritional status, Tamparan has 149 malnourished children in the year 2005. Of this number, 113 are malnourished in the 1st degree, 26 children in the 2nd degree and 10 children in the 3rd degree. Barangays Balt Madiar and Tatayawan North have the most number of malnourished children, 13 or 8.7% each of the total number of malnourished. Thirteen (3) out of the 44 barangays of Tamparan do not have reported cases of malnutrition.
Health Facilities
Tamparan District Hospital
Way back in 1963, a Republic Act was passed and approved by the Philippine Congress for the establishment of the Tamparan General Hospital. As a General Hospital, its first operation started with Twenty Five (25) Bed Capacity. It was a Landmark of his Excellency, the late President of the Republic of the Philippines, President Diosdado Macapagal.
In 1987, the Tamparan General Hospital was converted into a Tamparan District Hospital with Ten (10) catchments-Municipalities Namely; Tamparan, Mulondo, Taraka, Maguing, Poonabayabao, Lumbabayabao, Masiu, Lumbayanague, Butig and Lumbatan.
Presently, with the creation of two (2) new municipalities of Dumalondong and Lumbaca Unayan in Lanao del Sur, its catchments area increased to twelve (12) municipalities.
Twelve (12) Rural Health Units supplemented the operation of the hospital. It has twenty-Six (26) self-help Barangay Health Stations (BHS) strategically established in every hospital catchments municipalities.
Personnel wise, the hospital is staffed by medical doctors, dentists, nurses, midwives, and sanitary inspectors, RPH, BHW and trained Hilots, to wit distributed again to its 12 catchments areas.
The services offered by the hospital include general pediatrics, internal medicine, hematology, blood typing and ambulance services. Since then, the following are the leading causes of medical consultation; upper respiratory infection, amebic, dysentery, pulmonary tuberculoses, nutritional anemia, poetic ulcer, influenza, broncho-anemia, lacerated wounds and measles.
Augmenting the health services of the Tamparan District Hospital, a Rural Health Unit (RHU) at Poblacion, Tamparan is hereby established staffed by a physician, 5 nurses, 7 midwives and a medical technologist. Six (6) health workers, 3 midwives, a dentist, and a sanitary inspector reinforce the team.
Solid Waste Disposal
The methods of garbage disposal of households in the municipality are dumping in individual open pits, burning, burying and others. Dumping site for waste disposal is yet to be identified to preempt the future establishment of large or medium industrial enterprises, which are the most common sources of huge volumes of solid waste.
Education
Out of the 17,163 total household population 5 years old and over, 79.96% went to school at various levels. About 2,241 or 13.06 of the total household population mentioned were not able to complete any academic grade, while 1,198 or 6.98% did not report on their highest educational attainment. Comprising the 13,724 household population representing the 79.96% who went to school are the following: 31.24% reached elementary level; 21.81% reached secondary level; and 15.23% college level. Preschool educational level registered 5.41%, while those who claimed they have completed a college degree are 2.75%, and those who have taken up post-baccalaureate degrees are 0.72%.
There are 15 elementary schools, two (3) high schools and two (2) tertiary educational institutions in Tamparan. Except for the As-salihin Integrated School in Barangay Maliwanag, all the other 12 elementary schools are public.
The ratio of student to teacher in Tamparan ranges from 38:1 to 64:1 and the ratio of student to classroom ranges from 42:1 to 64:1. This implies that, except for the student to teacher ratio of the Tamparam Elementary Central Pilot School, all the schools in Tamparan are beyond the standard requirement of 40:1 for both student-teacher and student-classroom. Hence, there is a need to augment the number of teachers and classrooms in the municipality.
Sports and Recreation Facilities
There are 24 basketball courts in town, 5 of which are in the Poblacion. A 300-square meter area tennis court is also located in the municipal plaza, which is now converted to an indoor multi-purpose gymnasium. Tamparan also has 33 volleyball courts, 5 of which are in the Poblacion, and the remaining 28 courts are distributed in various barangays.
Housing
There were 2,109 recorded dwelling units in Tamparan for year 2000. This figure is a decrease from the number of dwelling units registered in 1960 which is 2,391. In 1970, the recorded number of dwelling units is 1,164 or a drop of 51.32% over a ten-year period from 1960 to 1970. There was an increase in 1980 or 10 years after, by 40.81%. From 1980 to 1990, dwelling units increased by 1.89% or at a level of 1,670.
Of the total 2,109 dwelling units in Tamparan, 83.40% or a total of 1,759 dwelling units have walls made of concrete, bricks, stone, wood, half concrete and half wood which are considered desirable and acceptable dwelling units. The remaining 16.60% have walls made of galvanized iron, bamboo, sawali, cogon, nipa, asbestos, glass, makeshifts or salvaged materials.
In terms of construction materials for roof, almost 80% of the total dwelling units or 1,674 have galvanized iron or aluminum. The remaining 20% have tile, concrete, clay tile, wood, cogon, nipa, anahaw, make shift, salvaged or improvised materials as roofing materials.
Protective Services
The protective service personnel of the municipality consist of policemen. There are 28 policemen who are handling the maintenance of peace and security of the populace.
The municipality has a police headquarters located in Poblacion II occupying an area of 400 square meters. The headquarters has a mobile car. Other facilities include police station, substation and outpost, and a traffic outpost. The municipality also has detective services and volunteers composed of tanods, traffic volunteers, auxiliary units, and disaster volunteers. It has jail cells located in Poblacion II.
Infrastructure and Utilities
Transportation
The total road network of Tamparan is about 18.536 kilometers in length and is classified into 3.48 kilometers of concrete national road, 2.225 kilometers of concrete provincial road, 1.19 and 11.64 kilometers of municipal and barangay road, respectively. The municipality also has 3.45 kilometers of national, provincial and barangay earth road and 1.3 kilometers of barangay gravel road. Table 3.4.1-A summarizes the inventory of roads by classification and type of pavement in the municipality.
The municipality has a total of six (6) bridges with a total length of 73.20 lineal meters, 71.31% or 52.20 lineal meters of which are nationally administered and 28.69% or 21 lineal meters are administered by the municipal government.
Communications
The Philippine Postal Office (PPO) at Barangay Poblacion II addresses mailing matters. There is also no existing news organ or publication paper that will meet the immediate needs of the people, particularly among the populace in barangays in relation to communication programs on community current events, problems and issues.
There is no existing local radio station and local telephone services in the area. However, different radio stations based in Marawi City facilitate information dissemination activities.
Some members of the population use mobile phones for personal communication, cellphones being the fastest means of communication in the municipality. Globe Telecom Tower is located in Barangay Moriatao Datu.
Water Supply System
There are no records on existing waterworks system in the municipality. However, it was observed that the sources of water supply at the Poblacion are levels II and III, while far-flung barangay residents rely on wells, springs and surface water. Surface water sources include the Lake Lanao and Lalabuan River.
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